Fungal toenails are medically known as onychomycosis. This condition is characterized by thickened, discolored, and brittle nails. Fungal infections are a cosmetic concern but also potential discomfort and complications if left untreated. However, with improved topical regimens and a plethora of home remedies, removing fungal toenails is achievable. This comprehensive guide explores the causes, symptoms, and a variety of effective treatments, both conventional and natural, to combat this persistent problem. Podiatrist in Los Angeles
Understanding Fungal Toenails
Fungal toenails occur when microscopic organisms, primarily dermatophytes, invade the nail bed, causing an infection. Yeasts and molds could also lead to similar presentations in nails. Fungi thrive in warm, moist environments, making the feet an ideal place for their growth. Most people who have sweaty feet are prone to having more fungal infection of the nail and the surrounding skin.
Symptoms typically include:
- Thickened nails: The affected nails become thicker and harder to trim.
- Discoloration: Nails may turn yellow, white, brown, or even black.
- Brittleness: Infected nails tend to become brittle, breaks easily.
- Distorted shape: Nails may develop an irregular shape, sometimes lifted up from the nail bed.
- Pain or discomfort: fungal toenails can cause pain or discomfort, particularly when fungal debris is stuck under the nail bed and wearing tight shoes causes pain .
Figure 1: illustrates the characteristic signs of fungal nail infection.
Effective Treatments
- Topical Antifungal Medications
Topical antifungal medications are often the first line of defense against Fungal Toenails. These over-the-counter or prescription creams, ointments, or nail lacquers work by directly targeting the infection. Common active ingredients include:
Clotrimazole: This is a broad spectrum ointment that has been in the market for a long time. Unfortunately, the efficacy is very low. In my experience I have only seen 1-5% efficacy rate.
- Terbinafine: Available in both topical and oral forms, terbinafine effectively kills fungal organisms by preventing their growth.
- Ciclopirox: This comes in a lacquer form and tends to soften the nail and cause the nail to fall off over time. In my experience, the efficacy with this regimen is also very low.
Formula 7- newer version of antifungal ointment, dispensed through the doctor's offices, is a better option in my opinion as I have seen it work very well.
To attain success in removing the fungus, the patient needs to be diligent and consistent in application and be mindful of the poor foot hygiene.
- Oral Antifungal Medications
There are oral medications that are also available, however for some reason many patients believe that this regimen could potentially cause liver damage. In my experience, if the patient does not have existing liver issues, oral medication is safe.
- Terbinafine (Lamisil): Taken once a week for a few weeks, however for my patients I tend to keep them on a half dose and extend the duration of the treatment as stopping the treatment prematurely could lead to relapse.
- Itraconazole (Sporanox): This oral antifungal is typically taken in pulses, with treatment cycles lasting several weeks.
Prior to starting lamisil, I order liver function tests to ensure the liver enzymes are within normal limits.
- Laser Therapy
Laser therapy tends to work better for mild to moderate cases where the nail bed is still intact, and has little or no thickening.
Often the laser therapy is done in sessions and depending on the type of laser utilized for the treatment, the results may vary.
Most patients call my office to inquire if we offer the laser treatment. My response to this question is yes; however it is better practice to evaluate the patient first to see if the laser is actually going to benefit him or her. If it wouldn't I inform the patient that the laser is not an option and he or she is probably going to waste money.
- Surgical Intervention
Some patients ask if removing the diseased nail would help get rid of the fungus. In my experience, I have not found any benefit to removing the nails, essentially the new nails grow similar to what they were before, yellow, brittle, diseased.
Home Remedies
In addition to conventional treatments, several home remedies and self-care strategies can complement medical therapy and promote healing. One should be mindful that the home remedies are not full proof and may not be useful for severe cases of fungal infection of the nails.
- Tea Tree Oil
Tea tree oil, derived from the leaves of the Melaleuca alternifolia tree, possesses natural antifungal properties. Applying diluted tea tree oil directly to the affected nails may help inhibit fungal growth and promote nail health. However, it's essential to use tea tree oil cautiously, as it can cause skin irritation in some individuals.
- Vinegar Soaks
Vinegar, particularly apple cider vinegar, is a popular home remedy for fungal toenails. Its acidic nature creates an inhospitable environment for fungi, helping to inhibit their growth. To use vinegar soaks, dilute apple cider vinegar with water and soak the affected feet for 15-20 minutes daily.
- Baking Soda Paste
Baking soda, or sodium bicarbonate, possesses antifungal properties and can help neutralize odor-causing bacteria on the feet. Creating a paste by mixing baking soda with water and applying it to the affected nails may help reduce fungal growth and promote nail hygiene.
- Proper Foot Hygiene
Maintaining proper foot hygiene is essential for preventing and managing fungal toenails. This includes:
- Keeping feet clean and dry, especially between the toes.
- Wearing clean socks made of breathable materials like cotton or moisture-wicking fabrics.
- Avoiding tight-fitting shoes.
- Regularly trimming nails straight across to prevent ingrown toenails and minimize the risk of fungal infections.
Prevention Tips
Preventing fungal toenails starts with practicing good foot hygiene and taking proactive measures to reduce the risk of infection. Consider the following tips:
- Keep your feet clean and dry, especially after bathing or swimming.
- Wear moisture-wicking socks and breathable shoes, particularly in warm or humid environments.
- Avoid walking barefoot in public areas like locker rooms, showers, and pool decks.
- Use antifungal powder or spray in shoes to help prevent fungal growth.
- Rotate shoes to allow them to dry completely between wearings.
- Avoid sharing nail clippers, files, or other foot care tools with others to reduce the risk of spreading infection.
By following these preventive measures into your daily routine, one can significantly reduce the likelihood of developing fungal toenails.
Conclusion
Fungal toenails can be a persistent and frustrating condition, but effective treatments and home remedies offer hope for relief and resolution. Whether opting for conventional medications, laser therapy, or natural remedies, addressing fungal toenails promptly and consistently is key to achieving long-lasting results. Additionally, practicing good foot hygiene and taking preventive measures can help reduce the risk of recurrence and promote overall.
About Us -
- Hassan believes in fostering a deep understanding of the root causes of foot pain, allowing patients to actively participate in their treatment plans. His dedication to patient education sets our practice apart, ensuring that individuals are equipped with the knowledge to make informed decisions about their foot health
With a track record of positive outcomes, Dr. Hassan has garnered the trust and satisfaction of thousands of patients who have experienced excellent results under his care. His approach is characterized by gentleness, compassion, and a commitment to treating every patient as if they were a member of his own family.
Beyond his professional endeavors, Dr. Hassan embraces a passion for various interests in his free time. From bird watching to landscape photography and the tranquility of drift fishing in Alaska, Dr. Hassan finds joy and balance in diverse pursuits, reflecting his well-rounded approach to life.
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Location:- 4077 Whittier Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90023
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